MB 5 band equalizer

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romberg
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MB 5 band equalizer

Post by romberg »

So, through a course of events I don't fully understand, It looks like my next build will be one of these:
mb-mark2c+.pdf
I'm fairly serious about it and to motivate myself to actually start it, I've bought a chassis:
chassis.jpg
I plan to build most of it using turret boards. It is kinda small but I have put a whole ODS into a chassis that is even smaller https://ampgarage.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=413604. So, I think it can be done.

The one thing that concerns me is the graphic equalizer on this thing. It is pretty central to the whole vibe of this amp. So leaving it out it not an option. But it does use rather large inductors. These inductors take up alot of space, are hard to find and tend to inject tons of 60/120 cycle hum into things (from demos I've seen on the net). So, I'd rather not use them. Luckily it looks like they can be replaced with a circuit called a gyrator. The above schematic includes an alternate eq using these gyrators in place of the inductors.

To figure out what component values would be needed I created a small python script which calculates the center frequencies, Qs and bandwidth in octaves for both the original inductor based eq and my new gyrator one. The script has the equations for both the LRC and gyrator filters.
filter_py.txt
Below is the output of this script. The label frequency is on the left. Note that either my calculations are incorrect (a good possibility) or the original filters are not exactly a good match for the labels on the front panel. So, I decided to make my gyrator eq match what the math says and not the front panel. It is kinda a tricky process because you don't have much choice of cap values and changing resistors in the gyrator modifies both the Q and the central frequency. With a bunch of iteration I came up with these:

Code: Select all

Mesa filters:
80 l=1.000H, r=609ohm, c=3.300uf, f0=87Hz, Q=0.90, bwoct=1.8 [47-246]Hz
240 l=0.390H, r=609ohm, c=0.470uf, f0=371Hz, Q=1.50, bwoct=2.4 [145-1276]Hz
750 l=0.220H, r=609ohm, c=0.220uf, f0=723Hz, Q=1.64, bwoct=2.6 [246-2630]Hz
2200 l=0.068H, r=1139ohm, c=0.150uf, f0=1575Hz, Q=0.59, bwoct=2.1 [740-4915]Hz
6600 l=0.033H, r=1139ohm, c=0.033uf, f0=4822Hz, Q=0.88, bwoct=1.8 [2643-13541]Hz
Gyrator filters:
80 l=0.984H, r=560ohm, c=3.300uf, f0=88Hz, Q=0.98, bwoct=1.8 [47-250]Hz
240 l=0.393H, r=610ohm, c=0.470uf, f0=370Hz, Q=1.50, bwoct=2.4 [144-1273]Hz
750 l=0.212H, r=620ohm, c=0.220uf, f0=737Hz, Q=1.58, bwoct=2.6 [266-2620]Hz
2200 l=0.073H, r=1200ohm, c=0.150uf, f0=1521Hz, Q=0.58, bwoct=2.1 [705-4786]Hz
6600 l=0.033H, r=1200ohm, c=0.033uf, f0=4820Hz, Q=0.83, bwoct=1.8 [2638-13550]Hz

Gyrator values:
80: r1=560, r2=18000, c1=0.1, c2=3.3
240: r1=610, r2=20000, c1=0.033, c2=0.47
750: r1=620, r2=16000, c1=0.022, c2=0.22
2200: r1=1200, r2=10000, c1=0.0068, c2=0.15
6600: r1=1200, r2=9400, c1=0.0033, c2=0.033
The match looks pretty close to my eye. If I've made a horrible error in my calculations I'd appreciate anyone pointing it out.

Next I mocked up the circuit on a breadboard just to see if this had any shot of working at all. Here is the gyrator eq on a breadboard:
breadboard.jpg
And below I'm driving it with a sweep of frequencies from around 100Hz to 8khz. Note that I've set the pots for that scooped mids that this is known for. You can see the effect of the eq in the scope which is set for a very slow 2s sweep.
scope.jpg
This does seem to work ok. So, next up it is time to figure out how to make it fit into an amp. And that means I will need to make a circuit board. The last circuit board I made was decades ago using a pcb kit from radio shack which had resist pens, acid and bare copper boards. Things have changed a bit since then :).

I've used kicad for a while to create schematics for my builds. But never the pcb editor. I broke out the eq portion of the above schematic into its own project and after a couple of days learning the pcb editor I came up with this:
pcbedit.png
The kicad project is here:
mbeq.zip
The 35mm sliders are mounted on the back and everything else is on the front. The board is 55mm tall which should fit on the front panel no problem. I think I can still squish things togeather a little tighter to reduce the width some more. But it looks close. The 3d viewer is kinda nice. Here is a shot of the front and back:
pcb-front.jpg
pcb-back.jpg
After I tweak it a bit more, I will have to investigate what is involved in getting it created. I'd love any advice as far as which company to use and other things I've no doubt overlooked or just plain messed up.

Mike

EDIT: update kicad project files (mbeq.zip) [1/30/25]
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Last edited by romberg on Thu Jan 30, 2025 5:41 pm, edited 4 times in total.
Lauri
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Re: MB 5 band equalizer

Post by Lauri »

I would increase the track width. You have plenty of space on the pcb so it's better to use at least 0,5mm track width.
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romberg
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Re: MB 5 band equalizer

Post by romberg »

Thanks for the feedback! I really appreciate it. It was my hope to just ignore the whole net thing and just stumble around with the defaults. :) But playing around with it a bit makes it a little easier to understand. Should I set the minimum separation higher than 0.2mm while I'm at it? Or is that default reasonable?

Mike
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Re: MB 5 band equalizer

Post by Lauri »

Yes I would increase clearance to 0.5mm. The reason for using higher clearance and track width is that every pcb manufacturer can make your boards reliably. Also if you use small track width just a scratch on the pcb can break the track.

All the files in mbeq.zip are empty.
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romberg
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Re: MB 5 band equalizer

Post by romberg »

Nuts! It looks like kicad made a whole new project in the same directory where I copied bits of the schematic from. So, I was actually doing the edits there instead of the location I thought I was. I've fixed this and updated the mbeq.zip file in my first post.

In this updated version I was able to figure out how to place parts exactly and evenly while shrinking the board width. I also put the sliders in the correct order so that they will go low frequency to high left to right on the front panel. I had it backwards of course on the first iteration. :)

It also uses 0.5mm traces and a 0.3mm spacing. If I increase the spacing to 0.5 I may have to re-route some paths as those fader mounting holes are in inconvenient spots!

Mike
ngw
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Re: MB 5 band equalizer

Post by ngw »

Mike,
Maybe you could collaborate with Amp Garage member "frusciante89" (Andrea Antonello), who supplies great PCBs and is now designing a Mesa Boogie PCB.
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romberg
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Re: MB 5 band equalizer

Post by romberg »

ngw wrote: Sun Jan 19, 2025 1:38 am Mike,
Maybe you could collaborate with Amp Garage member "frusciante89" (Andrea Antonello), who supplies great PCBs and is now designing a Mesa Boogie PCB.
I think I may have seen some PCBs mentioned on another forum some months back. Perhaps these were Andrea's?

I for sure want to do most of my build with turret boards. But I may do a couple of the low voltage power supply boards as PCBs. I would be very interested in looking at other board layouts.

Mike
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romberg
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Re: MB 5 band equalizer

Post by romberg »

I've done a bit more work and updated the mbeq.zip file in the first post. The whole board now uses 0.5mm traces. I was able to get the spacing up to 0.35mm. After this the rules checker really starts to get crazy :). So, I called it good enough.
board-no-mask.png
I think I still want to swap the sides of the input and output to line up better with the future layout. And I may want to tweak the fader spacing a bit. If I can. Below is a screenshot of the board sitting next to a scaled image of a faceplate.
board-size.png
The board is 55mm tall which is about the max height I can fit into my chassis. As you can see, I have been able to get the width small enough to fit between the last pot and the eq select switch. If fact, It seems I have smashed the faders a bit closer together than the original. If someone actually has better measurements than my very imprecise photo scaling I'd love to see how close/off I am.

It also looks like the original may have used taller faders. The 35mm faders I have have a travel of 20mm. There are 45mm faders out there and they might match closer. But then I'd loose the space under the board for the ICs. And I kinda like the idea of fitting the whole thing onto this one board. Maybe the original faders only travel between the two end marks and the slots are cut wider then the faders travel? If so, then my 20mm travel looks close to that. Hard to tell as I don't have acess to an original.

Mike
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didit
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Re: MB 5 band equalizer

Post by didit »

Hello --
romberg wrote: Sun Jan 19, 2025 7:20 pm It also looks like the original may have used taller faders. The 35mm faders I have have a travel of 20mm. There are 45mm faders out there and they might match closer. But then I'd loose the space under the board for the ICs.
Consider looking for OP amps in SOIC packages that fit easily on the back beneath fader. This not only saves space but simplifies your trace layout. Surprisingly easy to work with in DIY bench solder assembly.

..
ngw
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Re: MB 5 band equalizer

Post by ngw »

Mike,
Do you want actual Mesa Boogie Graphic EQ measurements?
If so, I can give you them, because I own a Boogie 50 Caliber+.
It is in pieces in my workshop (I bought it from a client who didn't want to pay for the complete rebuild needed) and I can measure up whatever you need.

Noel
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romberg
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Re: MB 5 band equalizer

Post by romberg »

didit wrote: Tue Jan 21, 2025 1:06 am Consider looking for OP amps in SOIC packages that fit easily on the back beneath fader. This not only saves space but simplifies your trace layout. Surprisingly easy to work with in DIY bench solder assembly.

.
The thought of soldering surface mount stuff normally confuses and frightens me :). However, your suggestion made me watch a couple of youtube videos of folks doing it with SOIC chips. And it does not look much more difficult than the through hole chips.

I've been thinking about these SOIC chips a lot since reading yiour post. Using them would solve most of my problems with this board. I could fit in taller faders and make the overall dimensions a better match.

Since I'm already kinda outside my comfort zone with this being my first pcb. And I already have the parts. I think I'm going to figure out how to create gerbers for the through hole setup and get it built. Then I'm going to design a second board using SOIC op amps and taller faders.

Thanks for the suggestion!

Mike

P.S. Updated the project zip again. I switched the input and output to better match the expected signal path.
mbeq-flip.png
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romberg
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Re: MB 5 band equalizer

Post by romberg »

ngw wrote: Tue Jan 21, 2025 11:24 am Do you want actual Mesa Boogie Graphic EQ measurements?
If so, I can give you them, because I own a Boogie 50 Caliber+.
Measurements off of a real boogie would be great! It would allow me to better scale my image and pick faders with the correct lengths. Below is a picture which has some dimensions marked on it that would be wonderful to have values for:
mbeq-dims.png
In addition, I'm really curious on how far the faders actully travel. Do they just go between the marks on X or the full width of the cutout Y?

Thanks,

Mike
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romberg
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Re: MB 5 band equalizer

Post by romberg »

Updated the kicad zip file again. It turns out that the uxcell 35mm faders I found cheap on Amazon were similar but not exact matches for the bourns footprints. So, I got to learn how to use the footprint editor. Then a few tracks were changed to account for the pin differences. Oh and I found the 3d model package for kicad:
parts3d.jpg
I also spent some more time iterating values using my filter.py script. The goal was to use only E12 series resistors. In the end, I had to use a couple of 620s from the E24 series. My guess is that this should be close enough that my ears can't tell the difference:

Code: Select all

Mesa filters:
80 l=1.000H, r=609ohm, c=3.300uf, f0=87Hz, Q=0.90, bwoct=1.8 [47-246]Hz
240 l=0.390H, r=609ohm, c=0.470uf, f0=371Hz, Q=1.50, bwoct=2.4 [145-1276]Hz
750 l=0.220H, r=609ohm, c=0.220uf, f0=723Hz, Q=1.64, bwoct=2.6 [246-2630]Hz
2200 l=0.068H, r=1139ohm, c=0.150uf, f0=1575Hz, Q=0.59, bwoct=2.1 [740-4915]Hz
6600 l=0.033H, r=1139ohm, c=0.033uf, f0=4822Hz, Q=0.88, bwoct=1.8 [2643-13541]Hz
Gyrator filters:
80 l=1.714H, r=1000ohm, c=2.200uf, f0=81Hz, Q=0.88, bwoct=1.8 [44-230]Hz
240 l=0.424H, r=620ohm, c=0.470uf, f0=356Hz, Q=1.53, bwoct=2.5 [135-1242]Hz
750 l=0.198H, r=620ohm, c=0.220uf, f0=762Hz, Q=1.53, bwoct=2.5 [289-2654]Hz
2200 l=0.073H, r=1200ohm, c=0.150uf, f0=1521Hz, Q=0.58, bwoct=2.1 [705-4786]Hz
6600 l=0.032H, r=1000ohm, c=0.033uf, f0=4886Hz, Q=0.99, bwoct=1.8 [2630-13912]Hz

Gyrator values:
80: r1=1000, r2=18000, c1=0.1, c2=2.2
240: r1=620, r2=18000, c1=0.039, c2=0.47
750: r1=620, r2=15000, c1=0.022, c2=0.22
2200: r1=1200, r2=10000, c1=0.0068, c2=0.15
6600: r1=1000, r2=33000, c1=0.001, c2=0.033
The boards are now being made. So, In about a week or so, I should have them in hand ready to solder up.

Mike
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dorrisant
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Re: MB 5 band equalizer

Post by dorrisant »

Can you post the whole amp Kicad file?
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romberg
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Re: MB 5 band equalizer

Post by romberg »

dorrisant wrote: Tue Feb 04, 2025 5:30 pm Can you post the whole amp Kicad file?
Sure. Of course, there is no pcb component as I'm going to do a build using turret boards. And this schematic is just a cleaned up copy into kicad of one I found out on the net. So, I claim nothing for it's accuracy :). However it appears that it would work. I may cleanup a few things as I work out my layout. Probably the low voltage DC power supply for the switching will get redone. etc.

Here is what I have right now:
mb2c+.zip
Mike
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